django-admin startproject django_graphql
cd django_graphql
python manage.py startapp book
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8080
访问：/localhost:8080/graphql/
Django shell操作
python manage.py shell
- 创建记录
# 这里两个createBook -- 都是总的Schema的mutations入口中的create_book类属性驼峰化
mutation createBook {
createBook(bookData: {title:"django-graphgl2", author: "ns2250225"}) {
book {
title {
id,
name
},
author {
id,
name
}
}
ok
}
}
mutation createUser {
createUser(username:"test02", email: "[email protected]", password: "password"){
msg
}
}
- 查询
query {
allBooks {
id,
title {
id,
name
},
author {
id,
name
}
}
}
- 签发token
mutation {
tokenAuth(username: "willi", password: "password"){
token
}
}
{
"data": {
"tokenAuth": {
"token": "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6IndpbGxpIiwiZXhwIjoxNjAyMzEyNTY2LCJvcmlnSWF0IjoxNjAyMzEyMjY2fQ.VTd6Fu7h2ocix8c17idjQmRYpuBQ8fN8j_s7LEW9D_8"
}
}
}
1、ASGI/Channels
2、channels_redis 启动channel layer（频道层/通道层)，channel layer是一种通信系统。
例如：在我们的聊天应用程序中，我们希望ChatConsumer同一房间中的多个实例彼此通信。为此，我们将让每个ChatConsumer将其频道添加到名称基于房间名称的组中。这样，ChatConsumers可以将消息传输到同一房间中的所有其他ChatConsumers
我们将redis用作channel layer的后备存储
3、确保channel layer可以与Redis通信。打开Django shell并运行以下命令： python manage.py shell
>>> import channels.layers
>>> channel_layer = channels.layers.get_channel_layer()
>>> from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
>>> async_to_sync(channel_layer.send)('test_channel', {'type': 'hello'})
>>> async_to_sync(channel_layer.receive)('test_channel')
{'type': 'hello'}
1.channel layer能创建多个队列
2.ws连接时，连接对象与指定group_name的队列绑定
3.接受消息，将消息放入该队列
- 放入队列中的消息，被监听的ws连接消耗
-
将消息投递给调度器
-
调度器分配给指定channel(demo中channel是testing-print)，以及对应的处理函数
-
将消息加入指定的通道层中[channel_layer.group_send()]
-
当ws连接对象与该channel_layer为连接状态时，队列中的消息会按照指定的调度规则被消耗
- 项目下添加 asgi.py 文件
- 安装daphne：
pip install daphne - 运行项目：
daphne -b 0.0.0.0 -p 8001 django_graphql.asgi:application - nginx配置
upstream channels-backend {
server localhost:8000;
}
# ...
server {
# ...
location / {
try_files $uri @proxy_to_app;
}
# ...
location @proxy_to_app {
proxy_pass http://channels-backend;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $server_name;
}
# ...
}
- supervisor启动daphne
5.1 安装supervisor
pip install supervisor
5.2 生成配置文件
>>> mkdir Supervisor
>>> cd Supervisor/
>>> echo_supervisord_conf > supervisord.conf
>>> ls
supervisord.conf
>>> cat supervisord.conf
5.3 添加启动配置
>>> vim daphne.ini
# 加入下面的内容
[program:daphne]
directory=/home/user/ITNest
command=daphne -b 127.0.0.1 -p 8001 --proxy-headers ITNest.asgi:application
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stdout_logfile=/tmp/websocket.log
redirect_stderr=true
5.4 修改supervisor配置文件
>>> vim supervisord.conf
# 最后加上
[include]
;files = relative/directory/*.ini
files = /home/user/ITNest/Supervisor/*.ini
5.5 启动supervisord
>>> supervisord -c supervisord.conf
>>> tail /tmp/websocket.log
重启
>>> supervisorctl -c supervisord.conf restart
Error: restart requires a process name
restart <name> Restart a process
restart <gname>:* Restart all processes in a group
restart <name> <name> Restart multiple processes or groups
restart all Restart all processes
Note: restart does not reread config files. For that, see reread and update.
>>> supervisorctl -c Supervisor/supervisord.conf restart all
daphne: stopped
daphne: started
python manage.py startproject projectname # 新建Django project
python manage.py startapp appname
# 新建 app
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000 # 监听所有可用 ip
# 创建更改的文件
python manage.py makemigrations
# 将生成的py文件应用到数据库
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py createsuperuser # 创建超级管理员
python manage.py flush # 清空数据库
python manage.py dbshell # 数据库命令行
python manage.py shell # django交互命令行
python manage.py dumpdata appname > appname.json # 导出数据
python manage.py loaddata appname.json # 导入数据
python manage.py #可以看到详细的列表，在忘记了名称的时候特别有用